Trigonometric functions
The functions sin(x), cos(x), and tan(x) each take x
in radians. They both take and return doubles.
asin(x) returns the arc sine of x in the
range -pi/2 to pi/2.
acos(x) returns the arc cosine of x in the
range 0 to pi.
atan(x) returns the arc tangent of x in
the range -pi/2 to pi/2.
The math library also contains the functions atan2(y,x) and hypot(x,y) for
converting rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates.
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