| Change Directory |
cd directoryname
cd .. (takes you up one level)
cd (takes you to your home directory)
|
| File Listing |
ls
ls -l (details)
ls -al (more details)
|
| Create a Directory |
mkdir directoryname
|
| Copying and renaming files |
cp original_file copy_of_file
mv original_filename new_filename
|
| Path and finding programs |
printenv (shows PATH and other env variables)
which program_name (searches for a program)
|
| Process control |
ps (show your running processes)
kill -9 <processID>
where processID is listed in the output of the ps command
ps -ef (shows ALL running processes)
|
| Display Files on Screen |
more filename
(lists one screen-full at a time)
cat filename
(lists entire file at one time) |
| Re-directing screen output the " | " pipe symbol |
Use to redirect the output
command1 | command2
Takes output from command1 and passes it to command2!!!
Example to control, limit the ammount of information displayed
on the screen to a page at a time
cat filename | more
This will cat the file so see one screen-full at a time |
| Searching for a String in a File |
grep "string" filename
This will look for string in the file filename. |
| Change File Mode |
chmod a+X filename
(see man or help of chmod for options)
chmod 755 filename
(this makes it rwxr_xr_x , see man or hgelp of chmod for more
details on numerically specifying permission) |
| FTP |
ftp hostname
then use put and get protocols to transfer files |